AIPRD
Australia Indonesia Partnership for Reconstruction and Development (AIPRD) All $ are Australian dollars.
Australia's largest ever aid/development package, the majority of AIPRD funding will be administered by
AusAID.
$1 billion for the AIPRD will be additional to Australia's
existing development cooperation program and will bring Australia's
commitment to Indonesia
to a total of A$1.8 billion over five years. The package will consist of $500 million in grants
and $500 million in concessional loans over 40 years with no interest and no
repayments of principal over the first 10 years.
AIPRD page on AusAID's website
Indian Ocean Disaster page on AusAID's web site
In its 2006 year
report to Joint Commission, AIPRD reported that, 18 months after the
tsunami, there are currently over 200 Australian-funded construction
sites across Aceh. Markets are functioning
again, children are back at school, new teachers have been trained, the
main hospital and sea port are functioning and village infrastructure
and homes are being rebuilt.Ports, roading and bridges
Building back communities - education, health, livelihoods, training, law and administration
Other activities of AIPRD
AIPRD expenditure
AC Reports and research mentioning AIPRD:
Australian Government's A$1bn tsunami aid for Aceh/Nias diverted, AidWatch claims: AIPRD funds are being used by AusAID for administration, media and promotion costs despite the commitment to ensuring all funds went to reconstruction and development.
Funding Red Cross/Crescent transitional housing - 1,650
more people were accommodated in Aceh in AIPRD-funded help via
Australia Red Cross, other Red Cross/Red Crescent national societies
and NGOs.
Big Aceh consulting role for
Cardno ACIL
NGO
Supply Feature: Big opportunities in Indonesia
Australia
Active in Hospital Rebuilding and Job CreationReports about AusAID (before AIPRD) from Indonesia-Relief Org's "Whos Working"
Australian Government's A$1bn tsunami aid for Aceh/Nias diverted, AidWatch claims
AIPRD funds are being used by AusAID for administration, media and promotion costs despite the commitment to ensuring all funds went to reconstruction and development. That's according to a 21 Jul 06 Aidwatch report which also said $A1.1 million has been spend on AusAID support staff without estimates committee approval. Source (download pdf). Some extracts:
“AID/WATCH has been a staunch critic of AIRPD since its inception” said Kate Wheen, AID/WATCH Campaigns Coordinator. “It seemed to be more about cosying up to the Government of Indonesia, then providing genuine relief to the people of Aceh.
In April of this year a defensive AusAID accused AID/WATCH’s research of lacking ‘integrity and substance’.
Funding Red Cross/Crescent transitional housing
"Australian government-funded high quality temporary housing" headed an Australian Embassy announcement on 3 Jul 06, saying 1,650 more people were accommodated in Aceh with the help of Australia Red Cross, other Red Cross/Red Crescent national societies and NGOs. This brought the total to 6,000, for people put in "high quality temporary housing" during eight months of building, using the Australia Indonesia Partnership for Reconstruction & Development (AIPRD's) A$3m fund.
The release said the building sites for "recently completed transitional shelters" were at Cot Cut, Aceh Besar and Lhong Raya, Banda Aceh.
Altogether, the building work employed more than 200 local trades people.
More than A$250m in AIPRD funds went to helping Acehnese re-establish land ownership, strengthen sub-district governments, and re-establish village level communities. "An extensive community land mapping activity has enabled communities to determine land boundaries for over 53,000 parcels of land in 172 villages," the release said. "This process ensures the community can begin the process of reconstruction knowing that boundaries have been agreed."
In its June 2006 report, AIPRD said about improving temporary housing:
Australia is playing a critical role in improving temporary housing for those who cannot yet begin construction of their permanent home.
Flexible specialist assistance provided to other aid agencies is resolving technical, logistical and coordination problems, improving water, sanitation, drainage and conditions in temporary living sites, and ensuring timely and better quality construction. Roving teams of international experts are working with local trades people to enable rapid response to the engineering and technical issues that arise on construction sites.
The team currently includes six international experts and about 150 local tradespeople. The program is also providing cash for work for local communities to enable them to participate in the rebuilding process.
Ports, roading and bridges
AIPRD jointly funded with UN Development Fund, for the reconstruction of the Ulee Lheue Port in Banda Aceh. The AIPRD June 2006 report said this makes an
important contribution to restoring livelihoods.
Rebuilding this port will have a
major influence on the long term economic recovery and development of
the province, as well as helping speed up the reconstruction process.
AIPRD loan financing of up to $300 million will enable up to 2000 km of national roads to be improved or upgraded, and up to 4500
metres of deteriorating bridges to be replaced with prefabricated steel truss bridges. Grant financing of up to $28 million will strengthen.
A project preparation contract has already been awarded and work has begun with the Indonesian Ministry of Public Works to identify, and provide engineering designs for, appropriate road and bridge projects throughout eastern Indonesia. These will form the basis of the first construction work program, expected to start in mid 2007.
More than $600 million has been committed to upgrade 2000km of national roads and 4.5km of essential bridging, and build over 2000 schools in Indonesia.
Not just for Aceh and Nias, an A$10 million program is aimed specifically at building national disaster management capacity and community-level preparedness. This includes a partnership, formalised in December 2005, between Australian and Indonesian emergency and disaster coordination authorities that will strengthen national disaster planning and preparedness systems in Indonesia, share information and improve skills and knowledge.
Building back communities - education, health, livelihoods, training, law and administration
Building back communities
An Australian-funded initiative in Aceh is helping communities plan for
and take control of reconstruction. To use an Australian analogy, the
program is similar to the activities that a local government would
undertake in the planning and construction of new suburbs. A network of
community facilitators is developing spatial plans to coordinate
housing construction and to assist in re-establishing essential
services such as water, sewerage, electricity and community facilities.
The program has produced maps for 172 tsunami affected villages
covering over 50,000 parcels of land, on which houses are being built.
It is also helping to rebuild and re-equip local government offices and
180 village halls in tsunami affected districts. In Aceh, village halls
enable the community to congregate and share experiences – gatherings
made all the more important after a disaster like the tsunami. Many
survivors of the tsunami lost everything in the disaster. Australia is
providing assistance to replace identity cards, which are a necessity
in Indonesia.
The cards enable people to access government social services, register
for housing assistance, get a land title or simply pass through
transport hubs.
A new computerised system funded by Australia is allowing people to
receive an identity card within an hour. The system has been widely
applauded for its simplicity and ease of use, and has led to the more
seamless and unobtrusive delivery of assistance to
the Acehnese.
Education - Getting Aceh children and teachers nack to school
The physical reconstruction of schools in Aceh, particularly in the poorer Islamic education sector, is well underway. Six schools are under construction and more are planned to begin in coming months. Three schools and a girl’s dormitory are scheduled to be completed by August 2006. All facilities are supplied with furniture, equipment and classroom teaching materials. Importantly, communities are contributing to construction by being involved in planning and by providing local labour.
Over 300 junior secondary school teachers across five districts are receiving professional development training in core curriculum subjects such as Mathematics, Science and English. Australia is also helping to lift the quality of primary education by supporting improvements in teaching methods, more transparent and efficient school management and community participation in school management. This includes support to Islamic boarding schools, known as dayah, where many of Aceh’s poorer children are educated.
Revitalising Aceh’s universities is an important part of Australia’s work. To date this has included rebuilding and re-equipping libraries, providing housing support to lecturers and university staff as well as general teacher support
Re-establishing health services
Australia has made a major contribution to the health sector in Aceh following the tsunami, with hospitals, including the Zainoel Abidin Hospital in Banda Aceh, health centres and provincial government services receiving significant support to restore services, fill skill shortages and provide health care to the community. Now, Australia’s health assistance in Aceh is heavily focused on the training and skilling up of hospital and health care staff, including 40 new doctors who are being trained in emergency medicine.
Improvements are also being made to hospital administration systems to improve patient management, reduce waiting times, establish an emergency triage system and promote the services available at the hospital. The emergency building at Zainoel Abidin Hospital, restored and refurbished by
Australia, and now fully operational, is well placed to respond to these priorities.
A baby boom in Aceh after the tsunami is reinforcing the need for obstetric training, consumables and support to minimise trauma and mortality, and produce healthy babies and mothers.
Australia has supported the refurbishment of the Muhammadiyah Midwifery Academy and the supply of textbooks and other teaching materials. In addition, through the provision of scholarships to over 3000 students, trainee nurses, midwives and allied health workers have remained in their courses and are increasing Aceh’s capacity to provide good health care to its citizens.
Since June 2005, Australia has committed $15.5 million to help Indonesia tackle avian influenza. Australia has also helped establish the Indonesian
Partnership Fund for HIV/AIDS. For polio, Australia provided nearly $3.5 million to help Indonesia vaccinate more than 24 million children under five years of age during three national immunisation days.
Australia’s regional development programs are providing assistance to some of the poorest areas in eastern Indonesia. These programs are aimed at reducing poverty and promoting growth and employment. Target provinces include East and West Nusa Tenggara Provinces, South and South-East Sulawesi and Papua.
improving maternal and child health in the poorest provinces of Eastern Indonesia remains the priority, with activities in Papua, East and West Nusa Tenggara Provinces. Australia is working to improve the management of decentralised health services, improving the skills of clinical staff and
promoting community awareness and involvement. Australian support to UNICEF in selected districts Papua and East Nusa Tenggara Province has trained more than 150 local health staff to improve maternal health.
Over $15 million has been provided to help Indonesia prepare for and combat disease pandemics.
Re-establishing livelihoods
Australian assistance is helping the people of Aceh and Nias restore their livelihoods, particularly in aquaculture and agriculture, but also by employing over 400 Acehnese men and women in Australian aid programs and by providing local labour in construction and other projects.
Improving access to markets is a crucial element of Australia’s contribution to restoring livelihoods.
The agriculture and fisheries sector was the most severely affected by the tsunami. The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) is working with AusAID, local authorities and local people to improve production in the fishing and agricultural sectors. Australia is assisting farmers to rehabilitate their shrimp ponds and to produce more and better quality fish.
Australia is developing a program to help to restore the fertility of land following the tsunami, teaching farmers and local agricultural agencies how to diagnose problem in soils and providing advice on different farming techniques.
Australia is strengthening the climate for business and growth in Aceh. In partnership with the World Bank’s International Finance Corporation, Australia is promoting small to medium enterprises in Aceh by providing sustainable access to finance for local businesses, supporting the development of productive economic sectors and building the capacity of the Aceh Reconstruction Agency to coordinate economic growth.
Training and scholarships
Targeting middle level professionals from private and public sector organisations in eastern Indonesia is working to improve their capacity to manage and implement organisational change and policy reform.
In the year to April 2006, up to 200 training courses had been delivered for approximately 4000 participants, of which one third were women, in areas including district and provincial planning, small enterprise trade and export promotion, public accountability, human rights, journalism and drug abuse prevention and intervention.
Between June 2005 and June 2006, a total of 647 scholarships to study in Australia were offered to Indonesian students.
Over 2000 schools will be constructed or expanded as part of this program. Australia, through a $300 million education program, is supporting Indonesia in its commitment to nine years of compulsory universal schooling. An additional $55 million will be provided to support education quality, governance and policy reforms. Particular focus is on the 90 per cent of Islamic schools which are private and predominantly teach the national curriculum.
The program has also responded to urgent needs, such as the provision of 80 tonnes of equipment and resources for Islamic junior secondary schools in Aceh and the Banda Aceh State Institute of Islamic Studies.
More than 640 Australian scholarships awarded in 2005/06 are supporting Indonesia’s human resource development.
Classroom resources have been supplied to more than 3000 classrooms in 1000 schools.
Law and administration
Over the past year, a group of 22 judges and registrars from Indonesia’s Religious Court were hosted by the Family Court of Australia to learn about Australia’s court management and administration.
Indonesia’s first legal aid handbook has been developed and hundreds of copies have been supplied to legal aid offices, civil society organisations, law schools and academics, and individuals to promote access to justice. Professional development training has been provided to more than 150 legislators, prosecutors and senior bureaucrats on issues such as counter terrorism.In one initiative, the Federal Court of Australia visited Indonesia
in September 2005 to assist the Supreme Court of Indonesia develop a regulation to manage consumer protection appeals.
Working closely with civil society and local governments in eight districts in eastern Indonesia, Australia is helping to strengthen community participation in local governance and development. This work is addressing policy issues in areas such as access to water, education, budgeting and women’s rights.
Support has also been provided for communityled assessment and planning processes in around 70 communities. The process is targeted at women, the poorest and the most marginalised groups. As many of the communities are agrarian, support for agriculture and rural development is an important part of the program.
One of the major political changes in Indonesia since 1998 has been the effort to devolve powers to the country’s regional governments and to increase the representation of the regions in national decision making. This development was reflected in the creation of a regional representative assembly (the DPD) as part of a number of major constitutional reforms. Australia has provided assistance to the DPD to strengthen its ability to represent regional interests.
The Australian Federal Police has helped establish the Transnational Crime Centre in Jakarta designed to target major transnational crime issues, including terrorism, as well as people and drug trafficking. The Australian Federal Police is also helping to build the capacity of the POLRI – the Indonesian National Police. Australia is also supporting anti-money laundering activities in Indonesia through the establishment of Indonesia’s Financial Intelligence Unit, the PPATK.
Other activities of AIPRD
Australia has also funded the World Food Program (WFP) to help up to 1.7 million Indonesians improve their access to food and clean water, nutritional knowledge and access to high nutrition seeds in order to reduce malnutrition in children under five years of age in West Timor.
An additional $10 million to the WFP in December 2005 provided immediate food aid to Aceh and Nias. The aid is being directed towards those communities most in need and to those affected by the conflict in Aceh as a way of supporting peace building and reintegration. The first portion of this food aid was distributed in 19 sub-districts in February 2006. It is expected the WFP will reach over 1.1 million beneficiaries in Aceh and Nias in 2006 and more than 900,000 in 2007.
Australia also responded quickly and generously to the Yogyakarta earthquake in May 2006, committing $7.5 million to assist victims. This included the deployment up to 85 disaster experts and funding for international and Australian aid agencies to assist in the relief effort.
Over $11 million has been provided for emergency assistance and reconstruction activities to help victims of the devastating 29 March 2005 earthquake that struck Nias Island in North Sumatra. Initial funding supported rapid deployment of medical teams, delivery of urgent food, water, medical supplies and tents and provision of a fleet of boats to deliver emergency assistance to isolated communities. Australia also provided a team of structural engineers to assess the safety of key public buildings on the island. A three-year Nias reconstruction program is helping to rebuild community infrastructure and re-establish essential services and livelihoods.
At the community level, Australia is working with the two largest mainstream Muslim organisations in Indonesia to develop and
deliver disaster awareness and preparedness programs to students in Islamic schools.
[Disaster prevention funding - Red Cross/Crescent] To ensure rapid response to natural disasters and complex emergencies in Indonesia, Australia has pre-positioned funds with the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and Indonesian Red Cross. These funds have provided much-needed community prevention and emergency assistance to victims of floods, mudslides and volcanic activity during the past year.
Bali bombing aftermath: Australia also committed $1 million to build local emergency responses capacity and help those affected by the economic downturn resulting from these attacks.
AIPRD expenditure
SUMMARY OF AUSTRALIA’S POST-TSUNAMI RELIEF AND RECONSTRUCTION EXPENDITURE
Humanitarian funding through AusAID to 30 June 2005 $34.4m
AIPRD estimated expenditure dedicated to Aceh and North Sumatra to June 2006 $75.8m
Total estimated expenditure from 26 December 2004 to June 2006 $147.6m
Other Government Department expenditure to 30 June 2005 was $37.4m - This represents total Official Development Assistance for post-tsunami relief and reconstruction efforts in Aceh and North Sumatra through Australian Government agencies other than AusAID. The main component if the assistance is the Australian Defence Forces’ contribution to the tsunami relief effort in Aceh and North Sumatra under Operation Sumatra Assist. The contribution included logistical support to the delivery of vital humanitarian aid, providing medical care, particularly through a field hospital, and the provision of sanitation.
Over $147 million of Australian Government funding has been spent assisting Aceh recover from the 26 December 2004 tsunami. In total more than $250 million has been committed to projects to assist the local community recover and rebuild. The rapid response of Australian personnel and mobilisation of emergency supplies alleviated suffering and contributed to saving the lives of those seriously injured, particularly during the early stages
of the response.
Over $147 million has been spent in Aceh to restore and rehabilitate communities devastated by the Indian Ocean disaster. Currently there are more than 200 Australian-funded construction projects underway.
Australia has also funded the World Food Program (WFP) to help up to 1.7 million Indonesians improve their access to food and clean water, nutritional knowledge and access to high nutrition seeds in order to reduce malnutrition in children under five years of age in West Timor. An additional $10 million to the WFP in December 2005 provided immediate food aid to Aceh and Nias.The aid is being directed towards those communities most in need and to those affected by the conflict in Aceh as a way of supporting peace building and reintegration. The first portion of this food aid was distributed in 19 sub-districts in February 2006.It is expected the WFP will reach over 1.1 million beneficiaries in Aceh and Nias in 2006 and more than 900,000 in 2007.
Australia also responded quickly and generously to the Yogyakarta earthquake in May 2006, committing $7.5 million to assist victims. This included the deployment up to 85 disaster experts and funding for international and Australian aid agencies to assist in the relief effort.
Over $11 million has been provided for emergency assistance and reconstruction activities to help victims of the devastating 29 March 2005 earthquake that struck Nias Island in North Sumatra. Initial funding supported rapid deployment of medical teams, delivery of urgent food, water, medical supplies and tents and provision of a fleet of boats to deliver emergency assistance to isolated communities. Australia also provided a team of structural engineers to assess the safety of key public buildings on the island. A three-year Nias reconstruction program is helping to rebuild community infrastructure and re-establish essential services and livelihoods.
During the rebuilding phase, Australia has helped restore health, education and local government services to the province, as well as provide essential community and social infrastructure and temporary housing. The United Nations Recovery Coordinator for Aceh and Nias and the Head of Indonesia’s Aceh Reconstruction Authority have commended Australia’s positive contribution to the reconstruction effort.